Ethical Excellence in Orthopaedic Surgery
Safe, high-quality orthopaedic care depends on more than technical skill. It requires unwavering professionalism, integrity, and patient-centred ethics. This page explores the principles every orthopaedic surgeon should uphold.
Core Ethical Principles
Patient-Centred Care
Orthopaedic surgeons must always prioritise patient well-being. This involves:
- Listening with empathy
- Respecting cultural and personal values
- Involving patients in shared decision-making
The “Four Principles Plus Scope” Framework
A globally recognised ethical model that includes:
- Respect for Autonomy: Patients must be fully informed and free to make decisions about their treatment.
- Beneficence: Surgeons have a duty to do good—offering effective, evidence-based care.
- Non-maleficence: Avoiding unnecessary harm or risk through careful planning and safe technique.
- Justice: Treating all patients fairly, regardless of background or ability to pay.
- Confidentiality: Keeping patient information private and secure, with rare legal exceptions.
Professional Conduct and Responsibilities
- Clinical and Collegial Behaviour
- Uphold honesty and integrity
- Deliver compassionate, respectful care
- Support and mentor junior colleagues
- Monitor personal health and avoid practice when impaired
- Maintaining Competence
- Engage in continuous professional development (CPD)
- Adopt new techniques only when supported by evidence
- Reflect on performance and seek feedback
- Team Collaboration
- Work respectfully with nurses, physiotherapists, and other doctors
- Avoid undermining colleagues publicly
- Contribute to team decisions and peer reviews
- Social and Public Duty
- Support outreach and education events
- Advocate for equitable access to care
- Provide treatment where feasible to underserved populations
- Academic and Research Ethics
- Obtain informed consent for all clinical research
- Report all findings honestly, including negative results
- Avoid plagiarism and disclose financial ties
Addressing Common Ethical Challenges
Conflicts of Interest
- Always prioritise patient interest over financial gain
- Disclose ownership or payments linked to medical devices or facilities
- Avoid promotional bias in treatment recommendations
Effective Communication
- Avoid interrupting patients
- Use trained translators if language is a barrier
- Stay calm when patients are upset or non-adherent
Advertising and Publicity
- Share skills and services truthfully
- Avoid using misleading claims or exaggerating outcomes
Relationships with Industry
- Modest hospitality or CME sponsorship is acceptable
- Direct payments for product use are unethical
- Consultancy must be merit-based, not volume-driven
Legal and Regulatory Compliance
- Maintain accurate records and proper certifications
- Provide honest, impartial expert opinions when requested
- Follow emergency care laws and stabilisation protocols
Ethical Considerations for Specific Patient Groups
- Geriatric Patients: Address cognitive and physical limitations; involve caregivers as needed.
- Children and Young People: Obtain appropriate consent from parents/guardians; explain treatments clearly.
- Under-resourced Populations: Deliver compassionate, high-quality care regardless of financial circumstances.
Key Points
- Ethical practice requires technical skill, empathy, and integrity.
- Surgeons must respect patient autonomy, ensure informed consent, and protect privacy.
- Industry relationships and financial interests must never override clinical judgement.
- Lifelong learning and honest communication uphold trust and improve outcomes.
Patient FAQs
What does “informed consent” mean in orthopaedics?
It means patients must receive clear, full information about a procedure—including benefits, risks, and alternatives—before agreeing to treatment.
Can orthopaedic surgeons advertise?
Yes, but claims must be truthful, fair, and not misleading. Phrases like “world-class” or “painless surgery” should be avoided unless independently verified.
How should surgeons respond to angry or upset patients?
By listening calmly, understanding the cause of distress, and clearly explaining treatment options or outcomes.
Are gifts from medical companies allowed?
Only modest items or support for education. Anything influencing treatment decisions must be avoided and disclosed.
Call to Action
If you have pain, book an appointment to be reviewed by Prof Imam or another member of our specialist team at The Arm Clinic. Early specialist care helps prevent long-term issues. Visit www.TheArmDoc.co.uk or book your consultation today. Phone: 020 3384 5588 | Email: Info@TheArmDoc.co.uk
Disclaimer
This information is for general educational purposes and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional for individual guidance on your condition and treatment options.
This page was last clinically updated in May 2025